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Nov 26, 2012

Time Dilation

We covered Time Dilation or slowing of time in a previous blog post. This famous comic from XKCD depicts it in real life how can it be useful :)

Angular Momentum

Nov 17, 2012

Koi Deewana Kehta Hai - Kumar Vishwas

The poem that started it all ...




कोई दीवाना कहता है, कोई पागल
समझता है !

मगर धरती की बेचैनी को बस बादल

समझता है !!
मैं तुझसे दूर कैसा हूँ , तू मुझसे दूर
कैसी है !
ये तेरा दिल समझता है या मेरा दिल
समझता है !!
मोहब्बत एक अहसासों की पावन
सी कहानी है !
कभी कबिरा दीवाना था कभी मीरा दीवानी है !!
यहाँ सब लोग कहते हैं, मेरी आंखों में
आँसू हैं !
जो तू समझे तो मोती है, जो ना समझे
तो पानी है !!
समंदर पीर का अन्दर है, लेकिन
रो नही सकता !
यह आँसू प्यार का मोती है,
इसको खो नही सकता !!
मेरी चाहत को दुल्हन तू बना लेना, मगर
सुन ले !
जो मेरा हो नही पाया,
वो तेरा हो नही सकता !!
भ्रमर कोई कुमुदुनी पर मचल
बैठा तो हंगामा!
हमारे दिल में कोई ख्वाब पल
बैठा तो हंगामा!!
अभी तक डूब कर सुनते थे सब
किस्सा मोहब्बत का!
मैं किस्से को हकीक़त में बदल
बैठा तो हंगामा!!
कुमार विश्वास

Nov 10, 2012

An Infographic on the 3 types of Time Travel


We discussed the various other possibilities of time travel in my previous post. The new movie "Looper" actually depicts a dynamic time line (similar to Back to the Future) which loops onto itself and thus ends in a paradox. You can read more on the potential of Looper for time travel here.

Nov 8, 2012

Does Time Exist ?


In a previous post we discussed the arrow of time and how it affects our perception of reality  This video from Discovery Channel explores the question of existence of time. Narration is by Morgan Freeman. 

Making Light Travel Faster


As we discussed in a previous post on nature and shape of time, the speed of light in vacuum is a constant (c = 299792458 m/s) . But in different materials (like glass) the speed of light can be less. Scientists have now developed a new nanoscale device which makes light appear travelling infinitely faster. This makes light appear all throughout the material at the same time and glow. Read more about this at sciencemag.

Inclusive Growth


The following essay was written for India Future of Change Competition last year.

A local train journey from ‘Bandra’ to ‘Andheri’ in Mumbai early last year was enough to remind me that not only is there a big cultural, regional and linguistic diversity in India but also a  much more deep rooted economic diversity. Mumbai’s local trains alone bring out the social divide which exists in India today but sadly which isn’t the focus of any of our national policies. Nor does it affect most of us; as such a way of life has been ingrained and meshed into our lives from times immemorial. During my journey on that local train in Mumbai that day, I saw people from different strata of society walking alongside each other without any qualms. What I saw was, a multinational company’s elite travelling shoulder to shoulder with a manufacturing laborer. I saw an exquisite furnishing showroom by the station only to find a flea market next door. I saw small barely clad children running alongside the train only to get into their neighborhood situated next to the train tracks surrounded with muck and dirt. I saw the ubiquitous slum roofs only to find towering sky scrapers at the next station. Some thought and it doesn’t take long to figure that India’s eminent, lingering and mammoth problem has not had much administrative thought poured into it ever.

64 years since independence, but a major portion of the country still struggles for basic standards and decent conditions to live in. No less than 41% of India’s population lives on less than US$2 a day; this also makes India home to one third of the World’s poor. While one part of India makes strides in every sphere of development and sprints ahead, another part doesn’t even get to eat 2 meals a day. The general economic situation in today’s India is best represented by the current food crisis, while the major produce rots at the source only a part of the produce finds itself being completely utilized. Only a fraction of the produce garners all attention and adulation while the rotten are left to further decay. The need of the hour is to pay attention to the rot and prevent them from undeserving degradation. Similarly, it is very important and critical for every country to be inclusive and enable the downtrodden to be able to contribute to the country’s growth. Like controlled market regularization of costs would benefit not just the consumers; empowering the backward would help in spreading well-being to not just a few in country of a billion.

A country’s citizens are its assets which if not groomed properly can become the single reason for a countries downfall. Whether it is through crime, chaos, communism or unrest, a countries declension always finds it roots in its dis-satisfied citizens. It is the government’s responsibility to create opportunities for people, spread awareness and education and uplift the backward classes. But as the chairman of PricewaterhouseCoopers puts it, “I don’t think anyone organization, whether it’s private or government, can tackle this issue. It calls for a new model of cooperation between public sector and private sector”. The challenge is to get the 2 facets of the country together on the same platform to discuss about the impending doom that looms large on India. The government which currently finds itself in a mesh of moral turmoil and ethnic dilemma needs to rise above the scams, corruption and communism, which come back each time in new avatars throwing it off guard and agenda. Most of the parliamentary sessions are driven by issues either of fraud, corruption, steep price rise or inflation. The government needs to be able to rise above the short term issues and current ills to find solutions to the hard hitting reality of India today: - ‘The growing divide between the rich and poor’. While India continues to grow and is projected to be the strongest contender for USA in the coming years, ironically one part of India still continues to struggle even for the basic amenities. While the rich are making global strides in academia, innovation and business, the poor keep getting sucked into a quick sand of abject poverty and destitution. 

 An inclusive society is a society where every section has equal opportunities to grow and succeed.  The way forward seems an unending journey and a daunting task, but we need to begin somewhere. Every program starts with having a mandate and we need to get some discussion around inclusion in growth going as soon as possible before we find ourselves getting sucked into a whirlpool of destructive chain reactions. The first has to be revamping of India’s crumbling infrastructure. As more and more people migrate to cities in search of better standards of living and more opportunities, a greater degree of planning and design needs to go into the architecture and infrastructure of the our old as well as new cities. Not only do we need to make sure that more and more infrastructure industries come into existence but we also need to plan out our new cities with better systems and resources.

Investment in infrastructure will help the country be able to sustain the influx of people into its cities and also generate employment in those regions. Better infrastructure will lead to more foreign investment, more companies and more jobs. Also it paves the path for innovation, where more and more inventions can be realized. Quoting the example of China, where after the facelift of Beijing and Shanghai a few years back along with opening up of their policies lead to increased foreign investment and employment. The new infrastructure gave the existing companies opportunities to innovate and bring in more products into the market furthering employment. Also in general the quality of life increased not only just by the overall improvements and increased employment but also as the whole pulse of the country began to get more positive. It is time for India to realize the potential it has to improve in this sector and reap the benefits when there is so much buzz about India and foreign investors are waiting for opportunities to set up base in India.

We need to generate employment first to tackle the situation as is today, money creates money and growth creates more growth. We need drastic economic reforms to make it easier for investors to invest and be able to start their businesses in India from scratch. The question is why have we not been able to produce the likes of Mark Zukerberg given we have one of the largest youth populace who are also pitted to be among the world’s intellectual elites. The truth is that most of them do not get the right opportunities and exposure to look at the world holistically and innovate or ideate products capable enough to impact everyone worldwide. We have to be able to somehow include our youth in decision making to create opportunities pertinent to their needs and aspirations and bring about reforms which they want. The country needs to think from the perspective of what are the pain points that are holding back a talented generation. The foremost on my list of roadblocks to our success is India’s archaic economic policies. The last economic reforms took place 20 years ago. The world has moved on by leaps and bounds since then and it is time to rethink a new framework to encompass the requirements of modern day India. We have new challenges, industries and focus areas. However, only economic reforms without political and judicial changes will not stand a chance to benefit India. We need to create more transparent political and administrative systems allowing for full utilization of funds with minimal misappropriation. A well-known research study shows that no country has been able to achieve sustained income growth and poverty reduction without structural transformation. The Indian situation currently stands to be more challenging than anywhere else with its deep rooted corruption, a weak judiciary, undereducated politicians and ethnic diversity. We need reforms which empower backward sections of the society without getting biased against the other sections in each and every sphere but mainly education to start with. We are still following norms and rules formulated 64 years back during independence which stands to be obsolete and outmoded now. We need to relook at the criteria and our quota systems and reframe laws. Criterions keep getting added into the rule book but the existing criterions are never revisited and revised. We need to give the backward sections opportunities to growth but firstly we need citizens to be aware of those opportunities so that they are used and not misused and everyone stands a fair chance.

Education is definitely the first step we need to realize in order to ensure that every section of society is able to reap benefits of a developing nation completely and of all the opportunities it has to offer. Not only does education ensure inclusion where every section of the society can represent itself in national discussions but it also goes on to ensure that every section is able to utilize the opportunities to their fullest. It is a win-win situation where the citizens are elevated to better standards in every sphere but the country also is able to keep its growth trajectory on the positive. A small example of this would be Muhammad Yunus’s  Microfinance framework, not only did it work very well for its beneficiaries but it also did wonders for the country by in large. We need such revolutionary ideas to improve the current situation we see our country in. But those ideas are only going to mature if we exactly know how to fit them in the larger context and make them work for larger communities. This is where education helps, it exposes individuals to the larger communities and problem faced by them and helps them to get out of their silo to make inclusive business models and inventions. The government needs to rethink their education policy and strategize a new vision for the future because certainly the as is scenario will be in shambles very soon.

Another alarming situation that expresses itself in statistics is of one-third of the population accounting for more than half of the GDP. Only a small percent of Indian population finds itself contributing a major chunk of the GDP from new emerging areas like Services (IT and ITES). So in affect what we are saying is the story of India Shinning is re-enforcing that ‘All that glitters is not gold’. In our case, the glitter is imported clients and call centers. As much as we need education to not only educate the rural population, but also the need of the hour is to create avenues for higher education and research. We need to become self-sufficient without having to depend on other economies for projects and work. Apart from education we need to focus on areas with the most concentration of our workforce, with the aim to help us to evenly distribute the currently lopsided GDP. Agriculture is still the single highest recruiter with 70% of our population earning its livelihood through it. However, the educated class still finds itself running away from anything to do with agriculture due to low compensation, little rewards and an uncool way of life. It is appalling to see how little value we attach with a profession in agriculture today which still is the backbone of the nation.

The need of the hour is to revamp all agriculture policies and incentivize involvement with it. We need more and more skilled work force and better technologies to take over are agriculture system which is in shambles as of today. Not only will more focus on agriculture make India more self-sufficient but it will gather more profit for the farmers and in turn fetch prosperity for the major part of India. We also need more awareness around techniques of farming and modern equipment. With a little use of technology India can increase its production from agriculture. The government should formulate policies and strategize ways to bring in more private investment in the agriculture sector. With more money and more control, the government can increase profits for itself, the farmer and the consumer. More and more people will be lured into the profession which drives India due to increased returns and lesser uncertainty attributed to modern techniques. The nation may begin to be a more prosperous place with the increased involvement of the elite in agriculture and predictable produce owing to more scientific and modern methods. If we can bring about even a little change in the way we look at agriculture, we can make an enormous difference to the happiness index of a majority of those 70% of Indians involved in that profession.

In addition to all the above the government has another daunting task too, to create opportunities for investment to generate the much needed funds whether it is for infrastructure, education, implementation of new policies or revamping the agricultural landscape. The government needs to very aggressively pursue this agenda in order to make India’s growth story inclusive. We will need to try different things and sticking to norms will not help. We have always seen a bottom up approach for any reform, which has been tried year over year. This time we need to think out of the box, a little different as the situation is a challenging one. One part of India has begun to not relate to the other part which has been left behind somewhere stuck in the same biases of thought and ideology. It is a scary situation with the feeling of alienation running strong in one part of India. If we are not able to address this situation at hand in the next couple of years, we may have the other side complaining and showing symptoms of estrangement like an orphan child.  If we are not able to educate all our adolescents and youth even after years of education being on the nation’s top priority programs, we need to rethink the approach. Why not predict requirement of jobs and avenues where we need skilled labor and then go about training youth for those jobs. Make 3-5 year plans to set up industries and in the mean while educate and train youth. Also again to reiterate, the government needs to open up its policies to make it easier for industries and private companies to operate in smaller cities of India and help in creating an environment allowing them to set up plants and units in villages without resistance from the local populace.  Education needs to be imparted and awareness campaigns run to empower locals to think on their own and not be swayed by vote bank politics. Such small things can eventually lead to the tipping of far reaching epidemics in such case no growth, deep rooted poverty, disillusion among people and increased crime.

Entrepreneurship is another avenue which promises inclusive growth in its entirety. India needs to look to train more and more leaders to take on daunting tasks and challenges of innovation and execution of new ideas. More and more local and indigenous industries need to come up in the near future which will not only generate employment but also empower the locals to make their own future and attain prosperity. But to make world class industries in every part of India, we need world class infrastructure in every part of India, world class work force in every part of India and a world class social and political regulation in every part of India. The question with which I had started was Is India Shinning or is it Whining?? Without doubts it is whining, irrespective of claims, media reports and comparisons with China. Even though India and China both happen to be very close on the transparency index for countries worldwide, in affect meaning that both countries are equally corrupt in their public dealings, China is definitely soaring and gliding more smoothly than we are. Like contrary to as in China, politicians who are found guilty of embezzlement are awarded a life sentence; whereas in India they continue to hold office and position until off course till they are voted out by electoral process. We have had names of so many serving politicians appear in cases of fraud, murder and corruption, but they continue to roam scot free. It is time for someone in the current government to take a stand. With sentiments running high against corruption and pro-growth, any individual and party taking firm action and un-wavering stand on these societal evils is definitely guaranteed to score brownie points with the people. Why not use such opportunities to play vote bank politics, a much more cleaner and constructive way to do so than the usually preferred mudslinging tactics?

May be the political intelligentsia feels that inclusive growth is all about inclusion of the corrupt, bad policies, utopian thoughts, slack actions and embittered citizens! But if we do have our eyes set on inclusion at every stage, the first step has to be Inclusive political participation. Hope we have our top business barons and techno tycoons listening. India being a democracy; the only way to tackle the problem is by reforms and policy making. Only through the active participation of individuals, who care about real issues facing our nation, we can hope to make a difference. A completely ideal society with full inclusive growth is a far-fetched dream but surely we can hope to do better than what we have done till now. We hope to make the transition from India whining to India Shinning but the question remains how soon?

Ho Gayi Hai Peer Parvat - Dushyant Kumar


हो गई है पीर पर्वत-सी पिघलनी चाहिए,
इस हिमालय से कोई गंगा निकलनी चाहिए।
आज यह दीवार, परदों की तरह हिलने लगी,
शर्त थी लेकिन कि ये बुनियाद हिलनी चाहिए।
हर सड़क पर, हर गली में, हर नगर, हर गाँव में,
हाथ लहराते हुए हर लाश चलनी चाहिए।
सिर्फ हंगामा खड़ा करना मेरा मकसद नहीं,
मेरी कोशिश है कि ये सूरत बदलनी चाहिए।
मेरे सीने में नहीं तो तेरे सीने में सही,
हो कहीं भी आग, लेकिन आग जलनी चाहिए।

Oct 23, 2012

A look at 'Looper's' potential for real world time travel



A new movie - "Looper" explores closed time loops as a time travel mechanism.
You can read more about it in the following article by CNN. The discussion revolves around some of the topics we have already covered in the blog post on various forms of possible time travel.


Oct 11, 2012

Time Travel - Various methods of Time Travel

We are always travelling in time to a future at a near constant rate. This is the most trivial form of time travel. It is currently unknown if the laws of physics allow time travel to the past. Backward time travel also introduces a whole set of problems and paradoxes.But we will come to that later, now we will look at various possibilities of time travel which are theoretically allowed by the current day physics.   

  • Wormholes - A wormhole is a hypothetical feature of the space time curvature. According to the general relativity gravity curves the space time. There are theoretical solutions of general relativity which contain wormholes. A structure in which space time curves onto itself looking something like the following picture. In such a structure we can travel through the hole as a shortcut in space time. No such structure has been observationally detected yet. The possibility of engineering such a structure for time travel is quite far fetched. 
  • Primordial Black Holes - If we cannot create a wormhole the other possibility is that there may already exist some really old black holes. These black holes formed due to collapse of extremely dense matter in the early stages of the universe. Some of these black holes could be traversable due to their geometry and form candidates for time travel.  Even though they are considered as a candidate for dark matter none has been detected observationally yet.
  • Cosmic Strings - These are large 1-D topological defects associated with early universe.The  formation of cosmic strings is somewhat analogous to the imperfections that form between crystal grains in solidifying liquids, or the cracks that form when water freezes into ice. They are also predicted by some string theories. Cosmic strings can also exist with negative tension and hence negative mass. If this is wrapped around a wormhole it can be used for time travel.
  • The Special Theory of Relativity - Time dilation is a form of time travel permitted by Einstein's special (and general) theory of relativity. Time elapsed in two frames of reference can be different and this can be perceived as a forward time travel by one of the observer. The following gif shows the difference between time experienced by green and red clock. Time experienced by a moving body is slower than experienced by an inertial frame at rest. This effect is observed and accounted for in satellites used for GPS.

  • Negative Energy, Mass and Flux - Exotic forms of matter like negative pressure, energy etc can be in theory manipulated to create possibilities for time travel. Study of dark matter and energy is one of the hot topics in current research in physics.
  • Tachyons - These are hypothetical faster than light particles. If they exist they may be used to send signals which can travel in time. There have been some faster than light neutrino anomalies detected in experiments but they turned out to be due to some errors in the setup and calculation.
  • Time Reversal - This phenomenon is not really related to time travel but an interesting possibility. Most laws of physics are invariant under time reversal transformation except maybe the second law of thermodynamics. We are used to a universe where the time increases in the direction in which entropy increases. But the question is if would you experience time backwards if entropy was always decreasing in the universe ?

May 21, 2012

A Song by Kumar Vishwas


मैं भाव सूचि उन भावों की,
जो बिके सदा ही बिन तोले | 
तनहाही हूँ हर उस ख़त की,
जो पढ़ा गया है बिन खोले |
हर आसूं को हर पत्थर तक,
पहुँचाने की लाचार हूक  |
मैं सहज अर्थ उन शब्दों का,
जो सुने गए हैं बिन बोले |
जो कभी नहीं बरसा खुल कर,
हर उस बादल का पानी हूँ |
लव कुश की पीर बिना गयी,
सीता की राम कहानी हूँ |

जिनके सपनों के ताज महल,
बनने से पहले टूट गए |
जिन हाथों मैं दो हाथ कभी,
आने से पहले झूट गए |
धरती पर जिनके खोने,
और पाने की अजब कहानी है |
किस्मत की देवी मान गयी,
पर प्रणय देवता रूठ गए |
मैं मैली चादर वाले उस,
कबीरा की अमृत वाणी हूँ |
लव कुश की पीर बिना गयी,
सीता की राम कहानी हूँ |

कुछ कहते हैं मैं सीखा हूँ,
अपने झक्मो को खुद सी कर |
कुछ जान गए मैं हसंता हूँ,
भीतर भीतर आसूं पी कर |
कुछ कहते हैं मैं हूँ,
विरोध से उपजी एक खुदार विजय |
कुछ कहते हैं मैं रचता हूँ,
खुद मैं मर कर खुद मैं जी कर |
लेकिन मैं हर चतुराई की,
सोची समझी नादानी हूँ |
लव कुश की पीर बिना गयी,
सीता की राम कहानी हूँ |

May 18, 2012

Time Travel - Arrow of Time

The term "Arrow of Time" was first coined by Arthur Eddington in 1927. It is used to describe the "one way direction" in which we perceive the passage of time. Time is a rather curious dimension in that we only see it increasing in one direction. The laws of physics at the microscopic level stay the same under something called the "T-Symmetry". T-Symmetry states that the laws of physics stay invariant under the time reversal transformation. A notable exception to this is the second law of thermodynamics. Entropy of the universe increases with passage of time. Or in other words we perceive time in the direction of increase of entropy. Since the beginning of universe started at big bang the entropy of universe has been increasing. The early universe had a low level of entropy as all the mass was concentrated at one point. With the expansion of universe this mass gets distributed across the space. The following figure shows a graph plot of Entropy v/s Time. 



Thus we see that the arrow of time points to a state of increasing entropy (or expanding space). The direction of the arrow in a way gives a default form of Time Travel. We are all traveling in the future at all times. Even though the universe had a single big bang singularity in the past, we have several black hole singularities in our observable universe. We know now that information loss can occur when a black hole evaporates. As such the entropy at the edge of a black hole may actually increase. What does it mean for the direction of Time ? We will explore some of these ideas in the next post on possibilities for Time Travel.
For now we update our previous picture of the pear shape of time with a direction as follows. 


Not only does Time have a space but also it has a direction. Possibilities of Time Travel should take into account our physical understanding of Time. The shape and arrow of Time limit the forms of Time Travel we may imagine.

May 15, 2012

Poem - Itni Rang Birangi Duniya - Dr Kumar Vishwas (Video and Lyrics)


इतनी रंग बिरंगी दुनिया, 
दो आखों में कैसे आये | 
हमसे पूछो इतने अनुभव, 
एक कंठ से कैसे गाये |

ऐसे  उजले लोग मिले जो,
अन्दर से बेहद काले थे | 
ऐसे चतुर लोग मिले जो, 
मन से भोले भाले थे |
ऐसे धनी लोग मिले जो, 
कंगलो से भी जयादा रीते थे | 
ऐसे मिले फकीर जो, 
सोने के घट में पानी पीते थे |

मिले परायेपन से अपने, 
अपनेपन से मिले पराये |
हमसे पूछो इतने अनुभव, 
एक कंठ से कैसे गाये |

जिनको जगत विजेता समझा,   
मन के हारे धारे निकले |
जो हारे हारे लगते थे, 
अन्दर से ध्रुव तारे निकले |
जिनको पतवारें सौपी थी, 
वे भवरों के सूदखोर थे |
जिनको भावर समझ डरता था, 
आखिर वही किनारे निकले |

वे मंजिल तक क्या पहुंचेंगे, 
जिनको खुद रास्ता भटकाए |
हमसे पूछो इतने अनुभव, 
एक कंठ से कैसे गाये | 

May 10, 2012

Time Travel - Nature and Shape of Time

In order to understand the possibilities of time travel it is important to understand time itself. What is time ? How is it caused ? Which physical phenomenon are responsible for the passage of time.Writer and physicist Paul Davies has called "time" Einstein’s unfinished revolution. Aristotle had speculated that time may be motion. He however added that motion could be slower or faster but not time. Aristotle did not have the privilege of knowing about Einstein’s relativity in which time also becomes amenable to change. Similarly when Einstein was working to develop theory of general relativity and proposed the revolutionary idea that mass curves space he did not know that the universe was expanding. 

This discovery by astronomer Edwin Hubble came 13 years after Einstein had published his theory of General Relativity. Had Einstein known of this great discovery he may have incorporated these ideas into his theories. Conceptually it is easier to derive space curvature in an expanding universe as an area of slower expansion under the influence of gravitons. One of the most dramatic aspects of the universe is that it is expanding and the presence of motion, forces and curved space-time happens in the expanding space.

The nature of time is such that it increases in the direction of the expanding universe. Our current understanding of time is based on general relativity. The general relativity when applied to the whole cosmos gives a peculiar shape to time. In order to understand that first consider the notion of a light cone and how it relates to time. To simplify things consider a 2 dimensional space with the observer at  a particular point on this plane. Let the time be represented in the 3rd dimension coming out of the plane as shown in the figure below.

Light Cones

The surface of the observer represents the present time. The light rays from the observe propagate in all directions but light has a limited speed so they cannot go beyond the surface of the cone. This conical structure forms a boundary of observable region emanating from the point of the observer. In the future time dimension it represents a cone called the future light cone. Similarly we can also build a past light cone which captures the history of the observer in the past. Now if we extrapolate the past light cone of the observer all the way back to the big bang it will represent the shape of time until the current epoch. 

Pear Shape

This actually gives a pear shape to the past light cone. The point of the big bang singularity represents a region of space which had huge matter density. As we know from Einstein's theory of general relativity matter causes light to bend in. Hence at the big bang singularity all the light rays were actually bent inwards.
Thus based on the current understanding of the universe and physics we can conclude that time is pear shaped.



The following video illustrates the concept of shape of time.


Ray Cummings, an early writer of science fiction, wrote in 1922, "Time... is what keeps everything from happening at once"

End Notes
  1. On the Nature of Time - http://www.wfu.edu/~brehme/time.htm
  2. Essay on The Nature of Time - http://www.fqxi.org/data/essay-contest-files/Barbour_The_Nature_of_Time.pdf
  3. What Is Time? One Physicist Hunts for the Ultimate Theory - http://www.wired.com/wiredscience/2010/02/what-is-time/
  4. What causes Time? - http://www.timephysics.com/index.html
  5. Time Illusion and Reality - https://sites.google.com/site/smithjcn/time
  6. The Nature of Time - http://www.integralscience.org/abouttime.html
  7. Spatial Curvature - http://www.astro.ucla.edu/~wright/cosmo_03.htm

Apr 14, 2012

Selected Stanzas from Poems of Kumar Vishwas



"हर एक खोने,हर एक पाने में तेरी याद आती है,
नमक आँखों में घुल जाने में तेरी याद आती है,
तेरी अमृत भरी में लहरों को क्या मालूम गंगा माँ?
समंदर पार वीराने में तेरी याद आती है.........

डॉ कुमार विश्वास ....


"एक खता करने से पहले मुझ को ,
वो खता याद क्यूँ नहीं आती ?
इन्तहा करने से पहले तुझ को ,
इब्तदा याद क्यूँ नहीं आती ....?"

डॉ कुमार विश्वास ....


"ग़मों को आबरू अपनी ख़ुशी को गम समझते हैं ,
जिन्हें कोई नहीं समझा उन्हें बस हम समझते हैं,
कशिश ज़िन्दा है अपनी चाहतों में जान ए जाँ क्यूँकी ,
हमें तुम कम समझती हो तुम्हें हम कम समझते हैं ....."

डॉ कुमार विश्वास ....

Mar 18, 2012

Poem by Dr Kumar Vishwas

मन तुम्हारा !
हो गया
तो हो गया .....
एक तुम थे
जो सदा से अर्चना के गीत थे,
... एक हम थे
जो सदा से धार के विपरीत थे.
ग्राम्य-स्वर
कैसे कठिन आलाप नियमित साध पाता,
द्वार पर संकल्प के
लखकर पराजय कंपकंपाता.
क्षीण सा स्वर
खो गया तो,खो गया
मन तुम्हारा!
हो गया
तो हो गया..........
लाख नाचे
मोर सा मन लाख तन का सीप तरसे,
कौन जाने
किस घड़ी तपती धरा पर मेघ बरसे,
अनसुने चाहे रहे
तन के सजग शहरी बुलावे,
प्राण में उतरे मगर
जब सृष्टि के आदिम छलावे.
बीज बादल
बो गया तो,बो गया,
मन तुम्हारा!
हो गया
तो हो गया........